TYRANT LIZARD

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'tyrant lizard'
COMMON NAME: Tyrannosaurus Rex
SCIENTIFIC NAME: Tyrannosaurus rex
TYPE: Prehistoric Animals
DIET: Carnivore
SIZE: 40 feet long; 15 to 20 feet tall
SIZE RELATIVE TO A BUS:

Tyrannosaurus rex (rex meaning "king" in Latin), often called T. rex or colloquially T-Rex, is one of the most well-represented of the large theropods. Tyrannosaurus lived throughout what is now western North America, on what was then an island continent known as Laramidia.They lived through the Maastrichtianage of the upper Cretaceous period, 68 to 66 million years ago. It was the last known member of the tyrannosaurids, and among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–paleogene extinction event.Tyrannosaurus was a bipedal carnivorewith a massive skull balanced by a long, heavy tail. Relative to its large and powerful hind limbs, Tyrannosaurusforelimbs were short but unusually powerful for their size and had two clawed digits. The most complete specimen measures up to 12.3 meters (40 feet) in length though T. rex could grow to lengths of over 12.3 m (40 ft), up to 3.66 m (12 ft) tall at the hips, and according to most modern estimates 8.4 metric tons (9.3 short tons) to 14 metric tons (15.4 short tons) in weight. suggests the giant could run 10 to 25 mph (17 to 40 km/h), as previous studies had estimated.

         Discoveries
Teeth from what is now documented as a Tyrannosaurus rex were found in 1874 by Arthur Lakes near Golden, Colorado. In the early 1890s, John Bell Hatcher collected postcranial elements in eastern Wyoming. The fossils were believed to be from the large species Ornithomimus grandis (now Deinodon) but are now considered T. rexremains.
Skeleton discovery and naming

Skeletal restoration by William D. Matthew from 1905, published alongside Osborn's description paper
Barnum Brown, assistant curator of the American Museum of Natural History, found the first partial skeleton of T. rexin eastern Wyoming in 1900. Brown found another partial skeleton in the Hell Creek Formation in Montana in 1902, comprising approximately 34 fossilized bones.Writing at the time Brown said "Quarry No. 1 contains the femur, pubes, humerus, three vertebrae and two undetermined bones of a large Carnivorous Dinosaur not described by Marsh.... I have never seen anything like it from the Cretaceous".[7] Henry Fairfield Osborn, president of the American Museum of Natural History, named the second skeleton T. rex in 1905. The generic name is derived from the Greek words τύραννος (tyrannos, meaning "tyrant") and σαῦρος (sauros, meaning "lizard"). Osborn used the Latin word rex, meaning "king", for the specific name. The full binomial therefore translates to "tyrant lizard the king" or "King Tyrant Lizard", emphasizing the animal's size and perceived dominance over other species of the time.

Scientists believe this powerful predator could eat up to 500 pounds (230 kilograms) of meat in one bite. Fossils of T. rexprey, including Triceratops and Edmontosaurus, suggest T. rexcrushed and broke bones as it ate, and broken bones have been found in its dung.

Taxonomic details
Taxonomy:
Dinosauria, Saurischia, Theropoda, Neotheropoda, Tetanurae, Avetheropoda, Coelurosauria, Tyrannoraptora, Tyrannosauroidea, Tyrannosauridae, Tyrannosaurinae
Named by:
Osborn (1905)
Type species:
rex
T. rex may be big, but its predecessors were small. The first tyrannosaurs, which were human- to horse-size, originated about 170 million years ago during the mid-Jurassic. Though lacking in stature, these little tyrannosaurs had advanced brains and advanced sensory perceptions, including hearing, a 2 study detailed
Written by @ayomidehermes